2024 ¼ö´É ¿µ¾î µ¶ÇØ ÆÄÆ® Çؼ³(#18~30)
#18 [¸ñÀû]
¼±Áö¿¡ ÀÌ¹Ì À¥Å÷ÀÌ ¿©·¯ ¹ø ¾ð±ÞµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î Áö¹®¿¡¼ <online courses> ¸¸ È®ÀÎÇؼ ºü¸£°Ô ´äÀ» °ñ¶ó¾ß ÇÏ´Â ¹®Á¦¿´½À´Ï´Ù
#19 [½É°æ º¯È]
½É°æ º¯È´Â ¹«Á¶°Ç ¿ª¼øÀ¸·Î ÀнÀ´Ï´Ù
¸¶Áö¸·¿¡ Ä£ÀýÈ÷ <able to relax>°¡ ³ª¿ÍÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ´äÀº ¹Ù·Î 1¹øÀÌ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù
º¯ÈÇÑ ½É°æ ¼±Áö Áß À¯ÀǾ ¾ø¾î¼ ½¬¿î ¹®Á¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù
´ä °í¸£°í ³ª¼´Â À§ÂÊ¿¡ nervousÇÑ Ç¥ÇöÀÌ ³ª¿À´ÂÁö ºü¸£°Ô È®ÀÎÇÏ°í(=couldn't feel at ease)
´ÙÀ½ ¹®Á¦·Î ³Ñ¾î°¡ ÁÖ¼¼¿ä
#20 [ÁÖÀå]
ÀÏ´Ü ¼±Áö¸¦ º¸¸é ¡®Á¶Á÷¿¡¼ ÇؾßÇÏ´Â °Í¡®¿¡ ´ëÇØ ´Ù·ç´Â Áö¹®À̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ÆľÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù
¼±Áö¿¡ ³ª¿À´Â Å°¿öµå°¡ Áö¹®¿¡¼ ¸ðµÎ ¾ð±ÞµÇ¾î¾ß Á¤´äÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
ÀÏ´Ü ÁÖÀå Áö¹®¿¡¼´Â 'It is critical~' °°Àº ¹®ÀåÀ» ¸ÕÀú ã½À´Ï´Ù.
<It is critical to have a visual representation of the specific behaviors~>
: ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ÇൿÀ» ½Ã°¢ÀûÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Áß¿äÇÔ
?? Áú¹® ÁֽŠºÐÀÌ Àִµ¥ ´ä±ÛÀÌ ¾È ´Þ·Á¼ Ãß°¡ÇÕ´Ï´Ù
critical¿¡ µÎ °¡Áö ¶æÀÌ Àִµ¥
Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù´Â ¶æÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀÏ ¶§´Â critical to ~·Î,
ºñÆÇÀûÀ̶ó´Â ¶æÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀÏ ¶§´Â ±×³É Çü¿ë»çó·³ ¾²ÀÔ´Ï´Ù
Á¤È®ÇÑ ¶æÀº ¹®¸ÆÀ¸·Î ÆľÇÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù
¿©±â¼ ¡¯Çൿ¡®, ¡¯½Ã°¢Àû Ç¥Çö¡®À̶ó´Â Å°¿öµå°¡ ³ª¿ÔÀ¸¹Ç·Î ¼±Áö 5¹øÀÌ Á¤´äÀÏ È®·üÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁý´Ï´Ù
È®ÀÎÀ» À§ÇØ ¡¯Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ¹®È Çü¼º¡®, ¡¯°¡Ä¡¸¦ ¹Ý¿µÇÑ ÇൿÀÇ °øÀ¯¡®°¡ Áö¹®¿¡ µîÀåÇÏ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇغ¸°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
<~create and build culture.>: ¹®È°¡ âÁ¶µÇ°í ±¸ÃàµÊ(Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ¹®È Çü¼º)
<Changing values into behaviors~>: °¡Ä¡¸¦ ÇൿÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²Ù´Â °Í(°¡Ä¡¸¦ ¹Ý¿µÇÑ)
<those behaviors must then be shared~>: ±× ÇൿµéÀº °øÀ¯µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÔ(ÇൿÀÇ °øÀ¯)
ÀÌ ºÎºÐÀ» ã¾Ò´Ù¸é ¹Ù·Î ´ÙÀ½ ¹®Á¦·Î ³Ñ¾î°©´Ï´Ù.
#21 [ÇÔÃà]
¹ØÁÙ ¹®ÀåºÎÅÍ Àо°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
<It's like transforming yourself into a nonstick frying fan.>
: ÀÚ½ÅÀ» µé·¯ºÙÁö ¾Ê´Â ÇÁ¶óÀÌÆÒÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²Ù´Â °Í°ú °°´Ù.
¹ØÁÙ ¹®Àå À§·Î °¡º¾´Ï´Ù.
<~but a widened focus turns down the stress level because you're better able to put each situation into broader perspective.>
: ´õ ³ÐÀº ÃÊÁ¡Àº ½ºÆ®·¹½º ¼öÁØÀ» ³·Ãá´Ù¡æ°¢°¢ÀÇ »óȲÀ» ´õ ³ÐÀº ½Ã°¢À¸·Î Àß º¼ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®
¿©±â¼ ¸»ÇÏ´Â a widened focus °¡ ¹Ù·Î a nonstick frying fan°ú °°Àº Àǹ̰¡ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
µû¶ó¼ ´äÀº 4¹ø: having a larger view of an experience beyond its stressful aspects(½ºÆ®·¹½º¸¦ ÁÖ´Â Ãø¸éÀ» ³Ñ¾î °æÇè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´õ ³ÐÀº ½Ã°¢À» °®´Â °Í)ÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù.
¿©´ãÀÌÁö¸¸ ¿µ¾î µ¶ÇØÇÒ ¶§ A¹®ÀåÀ» Àоú´Ù¸é not Aµµ ÇÔ²² ¿°µÎ¿¡ µÖ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¿¹·Î µé¸é, <~but a widened focus turns down the stress level because you're better able to put each situation into broader perspective.>¶ó´Â ¹®ÀåÀ» ÀоúÀ¸¸é
<narrow focus heightens the stress level of a each experience>¶ó´Â ´ë¸³ ¹®Àåµµ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¶°¿Ã·Á¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â ¶æÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
º»¹®À» ´õ Ÿ°í ¿Ã¶ó°¡ ÀÐÁö ¾Ê¾Æµµ µÅ¼ ¹®Á¦ Ç®ÀÌ ½Ã°£ÀÌ ´ÜÃàµË´Ï´Ù
*¿¹»óÀ» ÇÏ¸é¼ ÀÐÀ¸¶ó´Â ¶æÀÌÁö Áö¹®¿¡ ³ª¿ÀÁöµµ ¾Ê¾Ò´Âµ¥ ¸¶À½´ë·Î È®½ÅÇ϶ó´Â ¶æÀº ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. ¸ðµç µ¶ÇØ´Â Áö¹®¿¡ ³ª¿Â ³»¿ë¸¸À» ±Ù°Å·Î ¼±Áö¸¦ ÆÇ´ÜÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
#22 [¿äÁö]]
óÀ½ ¹®ÀåºÎÅÍ ¿äÁö¸¦ ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ´Â ÂøÇÑ Áö¹®À̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
ù¹®Àå°ú ³¡¹®À常 º¸°Ú½À´Ï´Ù
<Being able to prioritize your responses allows you to connect more deeply with individual customers,~>
: ÀÀ´ä¿¡ ¿ì¼±¼øÀ§¸¦ ¸Å±â´Â °ÍÀº °³º° °í°´µé°ú ´õ ±íÀº °ü°è¸¦ ¸Î°Ô ÇÔ
<~that most brand compliments go unanswered. These are lost opportunities to understand what drove the compliments and create a solid fan based on them.>
: ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ºê·£µå ĪÂùµéÀº ´äÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇԡ湫¾ùÀÌ ÄªÂùÀ» À̲ø¾î ³Â´ÂÁö ÀÌÇØÇÏ°í ±×°ÍÀ» ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î È®°íÇÑ ÆÒÀ» È®º¸ÇÏ´Â ±âȸ¸¦ ÀÒÀº °Í
¡Å Á¤´äÀº 1¹øÀÌ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. (°í°´°úÀÇ °ü°è ÁõÁø=connect more deelpy with individual customers, longer-term relationship / ºê·£µå ĪÂù¿¡ ÀÀ´ä=most brand compliments go unanswered¡ælost opportunities)
#23 [ÁÖÁ¦]
<Managers of natural resources typically face market incentives~.>
: õ¿¬ ÀÚ¿ø °ü¸®ÀÚµéÀº º¸Åë ½ÃÀå Àμ¾Æ¼ºê¿¡ Á÷¸éÇÔ
¡æ ¾î¶² Àμ¾Æ¼ºê?
<~owners of forest lands have a market incentive to cut down trees rather than manage the forest for ~ ecosystem services.>
: »ï¸² Áö´ë ¼ÒÀ¯ÀÚ´Â ³ª¹«¸¦ º£¾î³»´Â ½ÃÀå Àμ¾Æ¼ºê¸¦ °¡Áü(¿©·¯ »ýÅÂ°è µµ¿òÀ» À§ÇØ ½£À» °ü¸®Çϱ⠺¸´Ù´Â>
¿ªÁ¢¾î But ´ÙÀ½À» Àо´Ï´Ù
<But the economic benefits provided by these services, based on their non-market values, may exceed the economic value of the timber.>
: ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ·± µµ¿òÀÌ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °æÁ¦Àû ÀÌÀÍÀÌ, ±×°ÍÀÇ ºñ½ÃÀåÀû °¡Ä¡¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇØ, ¸ñÀçÀÇ °æÁ¦Àû °¡Ä¡¸¦ ÃÊ°úÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ½
±× ´ÙÀ½ ¹®ÀåÀº UNÀÇ ¿¹½Ã, ThusµîÀ¸·Î ºÎ¿¬ ¼³¸í ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ÀÌ Áö¹®ÀÇ ÇÙ½É ³»¿ëÀº ¿ªÁ¢¾î ´ÙÀ½ ¹®ÀåÀÌ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
µû¶ó¼ »ê¸²ÀÇ ºñ½ÃÀåÀû °¡Ä¡(»ýÅÂ°è µµ¿ò)¸¦ Áß¿ä½Ã ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â
2¹ø ¼±Áö: significance of weighing forest resources' non-market values. (»ê¸² ÀÚ¿øÀÇ ºñ½ÃÀåÀû °¡Ä¡¸¦ À纸´Â °ÍÀÇ Á߿伺)°¡ Á¤´äÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
#24 [Á¦¸ñ]
¿ªÁ¢¾î However ´ÙÀ½À» Àо°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
<However, with places such as cities, regions or even whole countries being promoted as destinations and described as victims of overtourism, things become more complex.>
: ±×·¯³ª Àå¼Ò°¡ ¸ñÀûÁö·Î È«º¸µÇ°í °úÀ× °ü±¤ÀÇ ÇÇÇØÁö·Î ¹¦»çµÇ´Â µµ½Ã, Áö¿ª ¶Ç´Â ±¹°¡¿Í °°Àº Àå¼Ò¿¡¼´Â »óȲÀÌ ´õ º¹ÀâÇØÁü
<What is excessive or out of propotion is highly relative and might be more related to other aspects than physical capacity, such as natural degradation and economic leakages~.>
: ¹°¸®Àû ¼ö¿ë·Â ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ Ãø¸é°ú ´õ °ü·Ã ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ½
Áö¹® ùºÎºÐÀ» Àо½Ã´Ù
<The concept of overtourism~. Both are seen as clearly defined and demarcated.>
: °úÀ× °ü±¤ÀÇ °³³ä, µÎ °¡Áö(»ç¶÷°ú Àå¼Ò) ¸ðµÎ ¸íÈ®È÷ Á¤ÀÇµÇ°í °æ°èÁö¾îÁø °ÍÀ¸·Î °£ÁÖµÊ
ÇÏÁö¸¸ Áö¹® °á·Ð ºÎºÐ¿¡¼´Â °úÀ× °ü±¤ÀÌ ¹°¸®ÀûÀÎ ÀÌÀ¯(»ç¶÷°ú Àå¼Ò) ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ Ãø¸é°ú ´õ °ü·ÃÀÖ´Â º¹ÀâÇÑ ¹®Á¦¶ó°í À̾߱âÇßÀ¸¹Ç·Î Á¤´äÀº
5¹ø: Overtourism: Not Simply a Matter of People and Places
(°úÀ×°ü±¤: ´Ü¼øÈ÷ »ç¶÷À̳ª Àå¼ÒÀÇ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾Æ´Ô)ÀÌ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
#25 [µµÇ¥]
µµÇ¥ ¹®Á¦´Â ¹«Á¶°Ç ¼±Áö, ¼ýÀÚ, Ç¥¸¸ º¾´Ï´Ù
¿©±â¼´Â ±¹°¡¸í, ¿¬µµ, ºñÀ²¸¸ º¸°í ºü¸£°Ô ´äÀ» °í¸¨´Ï´Ù
(¼±Áö 2¹øºÎÅÍ Àбâ)
4¹ø¿¡¼ 'which was also true for Japan' À̶ó´Â Ç¥ÇöÀº À߸øµÇ¾úÁÒ(2019³â>2017³â)µû¶ó¼ 4¹øÀÌ ¿ÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ¼±Áö°¡ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
#26 [¼¼ºÎ ³»¿ë ÆľÇ]
¼±Áöº°·Î Å°¿öµå¸¦ Àâ¾Æ¼ ºü¸£°Ô Áö¹®°ú ºñ±³Çϸç DZ´Ï´Ù
1: ³óÀå
2: ¹Ú»çÇÐÀ§ ¹Þ±â Àü Bell Labs
3: 1958
4: 1964
5: ´Þ Âø·ú ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®
Áö¹®¿¡¼´Â ¹Ú»çÇÐÀ§¸¦ ¹ÞÀº µÚ ´º¿å Bell Labs¿¡¼ Á÷¾÷À» ¾ò¾ú´Ù°í µÇ¾îÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ÀüÈÄ °ü°è°¡ ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ¼±Áö 2¹øÀÌ Á¤´äÀÌ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
#27 [ÀÏÄ¡ ºÒÀÏÄ¡]
¹®Á¦¿¡ ºÎÁ¤¹® ²À üũÇÏ°í DZ´Ï´Ù
¿¹¾àÀº ÃÖ¼Ò Åõ¾î ÀÌƲ Àü¿¡ ¿Ï·áµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â ³»¿ëÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î 3¹øÀÌ Á¤´äÀÌ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
#28 [ÀÏÄ¡ ºÒÀÏÄ¡]
¼±Áö Å°¿öµå Àâ¾Æ¼ ºü¸£°Ô ÀÐ°í ºñ±³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù
<Video length cannot exceed three minutes.>
: µ¿¿µ»ó ±æÀÌ´Â 3ºÐ ÃÊ°úÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ½
µû¶ó¼ Á¤´äÀº 3¹øÀÌ µÇ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
#29 [¾î¹ý]
infants will orient preferentially towards the human face and voice, (1)seeming to know : ÁÖ¾î infantsÀÇ ºÐ»ç±¸¹®(´Éµ¿)À¸·Î ¾²¿´À¸¹Ç·Î ÀûÀýÇÑ ¹®¹ý
??(2)which they have : µÚ¿¡ ¹®Àå Çʼö ¿ä¼ÒÀÎ ÁÖ¾î+µ¿»ç°¡ ¸ðµÎ ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î Ʋ¸° ¹®¹ý
they (3)do succeed : µ¿»ç¸¦ °Á¶ÇÏ´Â ¿ªÇÒ·Î ¾²ÀÓ
bodily movements with (4)those : ¾ÕÀÇ bodily movements¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ´ë¸í»ç(º¹¼ö)À̹ǷΠÀûÀýÇÑ ¹®¹ý
judge (5)to be ¡®like me' : judgeÀÇ ¸ñÀû°Ý º¸¾î·Î ¾²ÀÎ toºÎÁ¤»ç±¸
¡æ judge + O + O.C (to be/ºÐ»ç/Çü¿ë»ç/¸í»ç) : O°¡ ~ÇÏ´Ù°í ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ´Ù
#30 [¾îÈÖ]
ÀÌ Áö¹®ÀÇ ÁÖÁ¦´Â ¡®»óÁ¡°¡ °æÁ¦(Bazaar economies)' ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
<Bazaar economies feature an apparently flexible price-setting mechanism that sits stop more enduring ties of shared culture.>
: »óÁ¡°¡ °æÁ¦´Â °Ñº¸±â¿¡, ¡®°øÀ¯µÇ´Â ¹®È¡¯¶ó´Â Áö¼ÓÀû À¯´ë À§¿¡ ÀÚ¸®ÀâÀº À¯¿¬ÇÑ °¡°Ý ¼³Á¤ ¸ÞÄ¿´ÏÁòÀ» Ư¡À¸·Î ÇÔ
1: ÆǸÅÀÚ¿Í ±¸¸ÅÀÚ´Â ¼·ÎÀÇ Á¦¾à(restrictions)À» ¾Ë°í ÀÖÀ½
2: µ¨¸®ÀÇ »óÁ¡°¡¿¡¼ ÆǸÅÀÚ¿Í ±¸¸ÅÀÚ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ÇàÀ§ÀÚµéÀÌ ±×µéÀÇ Àϻ󿡼 °¡Áö´Â ÀçÁ¤Àû Á¦¾àÀ» Æò°¡(asssess)ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½
3: ºñµð¿À °ÔÀÓ°ú °°ÀÌ ÀüÀÚ Á¦Ç°ÀÇ °æ¿ì ±×µéÀº ´Ù¸¥ °¡Á¤ ±¸¸ÅÇ°°ú °°Àº ¼öÁØÀÇ ÇʼöÇ°(necessity)ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ô
4: µ¨¸® »óÁ¡°¡ÀÇ ÆǸÅÀÚ´Â ºñµð¿À °ÔÀÓ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ³·Àº(low)¡æ³ôÀº °¡°ÝÀ» Á÷Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿ä±¸ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸·Á ÇÔ; ±¸¸ÅÀÚ¿¡°Ô ±×°ÍÀÌ ÇʼöÇ°ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ °ÍÀ» ¾Ë±â ¶§¹®¿¡
5: ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¢±ÙÀº ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¹®ÈÀû?°æÁ¦Àû ¼¼»ó¿¡ÀÇ ¼Ò¼Ó¿¡¼ ºñ·ÔÇÑ °¢ÀÚÀÇ ¼±È£¿Í Á¦¾àÀ» °ü·ÃÁö¾î °¡°Ý ÀÏÄ¡¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÔ
?? 4¹ø ¼±Áö¿¡¼ ´«¿©°Ü ºÁ¾ß µÉ ´Ü¾î´Â seller¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÆǸÅÀÚÀÇ ÀÔÀå¿¡¼´Â ±¸¸ÅÀÚÀÇ Á¦¾àÀ» ¾Ë°í Àֱ⿡ ±×¿¡°Ô ÇʼöÇ°ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ºñµð¿À °ÔÀÓ¿¡´Â ³Ê¹« ³ôÀº °¡°ÝÀ» Ã¥Á¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, ÀÌ¿¡ µû¶ó »óÈ£°£ °Å·¡°¡ ÀÌ·ïÁú ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.(°¡°Ý ÀÏÄ¡ Çü¼º)
- 300ÀÚ À̳»·Î ÀÛ¼ºÇØÁÖ¼¼¿ä. - ´ñ±Û(´ä±Û Æ÷ÇÔ)Àº ÇÑ °Ô½Ã¹° ±âÁØ ÇÏ·ç¿¡ 3°³±îÁö ÀÛ¼º °¡´ÉÇϸç, »èÁ¦ÇÑ ´ñ±Ûµµ ÀÛ¼ºÇÑ ´ñ±Û·Î °£ÁÖÇÕ´Ï´Ù.